Notion Formulas 2.0: The Ultimate Cheat Sheet (2023)

This is a complete quick reference or “cheat sheet” for Notion formulas. On this page you’ll find one or more example formulas for every constant, operator, and function available in the Notion formula editor.

This cheat sheet is meant to be a quick, easy-to-use bookmark.

It is a companion to my complete Notion Formula Reference. There, you’ll find comprehensive technical documentation on Notion formulas, including:

• Full explanations for every built-in operator and value, function, and data type
• Detailed tutorials for creating formula properties and working in the formula editor
• A full breakdown of Notion formula syntax
• Advanced guides on Notion regular expressions, formula errors, data type conversion, and more

You may also want to check out my Formula Examples Database in Notion itself; there, you’ll find more than 100 example databases demonstrating how to use every formula component listed here.

Notion Formula Terms

Here are some of the most common terms you’ll run across when working with Notion formulas. Each link here will take you to a full page in the Formula Reference where you can learn more.

• Property – other properties that exist in your Notion database. In the new formula editor, property references are displayed as tokens. For example, prop("Number") will now be shown as Number instead. Outside of the new editor, like in this documentation, you’ll still see prop("Number") being used — this is so you can easily copy and paste the examples into the new editor.
• Built-ins
  • Operators: symbols that perform operations on 1-3 operands. Includes mathematical operators (such as add), Boolean operators (such as not), and the ternary operator (if).
  • Booleans: the values true and false.
• Functions – pre-defined formulas that you can use to accomplish complex things quickly. Examples include concat (combines lists) and dateAdd (adds x units of time to a date).

Arguments are the accepted pieces of data used within functions:

/* function_name(argument_1, argument_2, ...) */

divide(10, 2) /* Output: 5 */

/* Note that spaces between arguments are optional, but commas are required. */

join(["My","Chemical", "Romance"], " ")
/* Output: "My Chemical Romance" */

Notion formulas support seven distinct data types:

• String – text content
• Number – numeric characters, on which mathematical operations can be performed
• Boolean/Checkbox – true/false values
• Date – date objects
• Person — a special data object for items found in a Person property
• Page — a special data object for items found in a Relation property
• List — an array of any of the above data types

Good to know: A Notion formula can only return data of a single type. When working with multiple data types, make sure to use type conversion to convert everything to a single type in order to avoid errors.

Built-ins

add

The add (+) operator allows you to:

• Perform addition on numbers
• Concatenate strings – i.e. combine them (also doable with join())

Full reference: add

Usage: + or add() → function version

2 + 5 /* Output: 7 */

"Monkey D." + " Luffy" /* Output: "Monkey D. Luffy" */

add(4,7) /* Output: 11 */

40.add(2) /* Output: 42 */

subtract

The subtract (-) operator allows you to subtract two numbers and return their difference.

Full reference: subtract

Usage: - or subtract()

12 - 5 /* Output: 7 */

subtract(5, 12) /* Output: -7 */

47.subtract(5) /* Output: 42 */

multiply

The multiply (*) operator allows you to multiply two numbers together and get their product.

Full reference: multiply

Usage: * or multiply()

12 * 4 /* Output: 48 */

multiply(12,-4) /* Output: -48 */

21.multiply(2) /* Output: 42 */

mod

The remainder (%) operator allows you to get the remainder after dividing the first operand with the second operand.

Full reference: mod

Usage: % or mod()

19 % 12 /* Output: 7 */

19 mod 12 /* Output: 7 */

mod(-19, 12) /* Output: -7 */

-19.mod(12) /* Output: -7 */

pow

The power (^) operator (also known as the exponentiation operator) allows you to raise a number to a higher power.

Full reference: pow

Usage: ^ or pow()

3 ^ 4 /* Output: 81 */

pow(4,3) /* Output: 64 */

4.pow(3) /* Output: 64 */

2 ^ 2 ^ 3 /* Output: 256 - evaluates as 2 ^ (2 ^ 3) */

divide

The divide (/) operator allows you to divide two numbers and get their quotient.

Full reference: divide

Usage: / or divide()

12 / 4 /* Output: 3 */

divide(12, -4) /* Output: -3 */

126.divide(3) /* Output: 42 */

equal

The equality (==) operator returns true if its operands are equal. It accepts operands of all data types – strings, numbers, booleans, dates, and lists.

Full reference: equal

Usage: equal() or ==

1 == 1 /* Output: true */

equal(1, 1) /* Output: true */

1.equal(1) /* Output: true */

1 == 2 /* Output: false */

"1" == 1 /* Output: false */

toNumber("1") == 1 /* Output: true (uses the toNumber function to convert "1" to a number */

2 ^ 2 == 4 /* Output: true */

length("Monkey D. Luffy") == 15 /* Output: true */

[1, 2] == [2, 1] /* Output: false */

unequal

The inequality (!=) operator returns true if its operands are not equal. It accepts operands of all data types – strings, numbers, booleans, dates, and arrays.

Full reference: unequal

Usage: unequal() or !=

1 != 2 /* Output: true */

1 != 1 /* Output:false */

unequal("Cat","Dog") /* Output: true */

"Cat".unequal("Dog") /* Output: true */

"1" != 2 /* Output: true */

2^3 != 10 /* Output: true */

Greater than

The greater than (>) operator returns true if its left operand is greater than its right operand. It accepts strings, numbers, date, and Boolean operands.

Full reference: Greater than

Usage: >

2 > 1 /* Output: true *

42 > 50 /* Output: false */

/* Boolean values equate to 1 (true) and 0 (false) */
true > false /* Output: true */

true > true /* Output: false */

"ab" > "aa" /* Output: true */

/* For dates, "less than" equates to "before" */
now() > dateSubtract(now(), 1, "days") /* Output: true */

Greater than or equal

The greater than or equal (>=) operator returns true if its left operand is greater than or equal to its right operand. It accepts numeric, date, and Boolean operands.

Full reference: Greater than or equal

Usage: >=

2 >= 1 /* Output: true */

42 >= 42 /* Output: true */

/* Boolean values equate to 1 (true) and 0 (false) */
true >= false /* Output: true */

true >= true /* Output: true */

"aa" >= "aa" /* Output: true */

/* For dates, "less than" equates to "before" */
now() >= now() /* Output: true */

Less than

The less than (<) operator returns true if its left operand is less than its right operand. It accepts numeric, date, and Boolean operands.

Full reference: Less than

Usage: <

2 < 1 /* Output: false */

42 < 50 /* Output: true */

/* Boolean values equate to 1 (true) and 0 (false) */
false < true /* Output: true */

true < true /* Output: false */

"ab" < "aa" /* Output: false */

/* For dates, "less than" equates to "before" */
now() < dateAdd(now(), 1, "months") /* Output: true */

Less than or equal

The less than or equal to (<=) operator returns true if its left operand is less than or equal to its right operand. It accepts numeric, date, and Boolean operands.

Full reference: Less than or equal

Usage: <=

2 <= 3 /* Output: true */

42 <= 42 /* Output: true */

/* Boolean values equate to 1 (true) and 0 (false) */
false <= true /* Output: true */

true <= true /* Output: true */

"ab" <= "ac" /* Output: true */

/* For dates, "less than" equates to "before" */
now() <= now() /* Output: true */

and

The and operator returns true if and only if both of its operands have a true Boolean value. Otherwise, it will return false. It accepts Boolean operands.

Full reference: and

Usage: and or &&

true and true /* Output: true */

true and false /* Output: false */

and(1 > 0, 0 < 4) /* Output: true */

if(
	true and true, 
	"Happy", 
	"Sad"
) /* Output: "Happy" */

if(
	true and false, 
	"Happy", 
	"Sad"
) /* Output: "Sad" */

if(
	5 > 4 and 1 < 3, 
	true, 
	false
) /* Output: true */

if(
	length("Monkey D. Luffy") > 5 
	and length("Monkey D. Luffy") < 100, 
	true, 
	false
) /* Output: true */

4 > 2 && 3 < 4 && 7 == 7 ? true : false /* Output: true */

or

The or operator returns true if either one of its operands is true. It accepts Boolean operands.

Full reference: or

Usage: or or ||

true or false /* Output: true */

false or true /* Output: true */

false or false /* Output: false */

10 > 20 or "Cat" == "Cat" /* Output: true */

10 > 20 || "Cat" == "Dog" || true /* Output: true */

not

The not operator inverts the truth value of a Boolean/Checkbox value in a Notion formula. Another way of thinking about it is that it returns true only if its operand is false. It accepts Boolean operands.

Full reference: not

Usage: not or !

not true /* Output: false */

not(true) /* Output: false */

not empty("Hello") /* Output: true */

!empty("Hello") /* Output: true */

not if(50 > 40, true, false) /* Output: false */

true

The true constant represents the Boolean output true. Its opposite is false.

Full reference: true

true /* Output: true (checked checkbox) */

true ? "😀" : "😭" /* Output: "😀" */

false

The false constant represents the Boolean output false. Its opposite is true.

Full reference:  false

false /* Output: false (unchecked checkbox) */

false ? "😀" : "😭" /* Output: "😭" */

Functions

if

The if() function allows you to write if-then statements within a Notion formula.

Full reference: if → ifs now also available to simplify nested if statements

Usage: if() or  ? :

/* if() Syntax */
if(
	prop("Type") == "Mammal",
	true,
	false
) /* Output: true */

/* Ternary Syntax */
prop("Type") == "Mammal" ? true : false /* Output: true */

/* Nested if() Statement */
if(
	prop("Age") < 13,
	"Child",
	if(
		prop("Age") < 19,
		"Teenager",
		"Adult"
	)
)

ifs

The ifs() function allows you to write multiple else-if statements without resorting to nested if statements.

Full reference: ifs

ifs(true, 1, true, 2, 3) /* Output: 1 */

true.ifs(1, true, 2, 3) /* Output: 1 */

empty

The empty() function returns true if its argument is empty, or has a value that equates to empty – including 0, false, and []

Full reference: empty

empty("") /* Output: true */

empty(0) /* Output: true */

empty(false) /* Output: true */

[].empty() /* Output: true */

/* Assume a row where the Name property is currently blank */
empty(prop("Name")) /* Output: true */

/* Assume a row where the Name property contains text */
not empty(prop("Name")) /* Output: true */

/* The same result can be accomplished with conditional operators (assume the Name property contains text in this row) */
empty(prop("Name")) ? false : true /* Output: true */

length

The length() function outputs a number that corresponds to the length of a string, number, or list.

Full reference: length

length("Monkey D. Luffy") /* Output: 15 */

"Monkey D. Luffy".length() /* Output: 15 */

length("Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious") /* Output: 34 */

length("Doctor Doom") /* Output: 11 */

["Luffy", "Zoro", "Nami", "Chopper"].length() /* Output: 4 */

12345.length() /* Output: 5 */

substring

The substring() function allows you to “slice” up a string and output a smaller piece of it.

Full reference: substring

substring("Dangerfield",0,6) /* Output: "Danger" */

"Dangerfield".substring(6) /* Output: "field" */

substring("Monkey D. Luffy",0,6) /* Output: "Monkey" */

substring("Monkey D. Luffy", 10, 15) /* Ouput: "Luffy" */

substring("●●●●●●●●●●",0,6) + substring("○○○○○○○○○○",0,6) /* Output: "●●●●●○○○○○" */

contains

The contains() function tests whether the first argument contains the second argument. It only accepts strings (or nested functions that output strings).

Full reference: contains

contains("Monkey D. Luffy", "Luffy") /* Output: true */

contains("Monkey D. Luffy", "keyLuf") /* Output: false */

contains(true, "true") /* Output: true */

contains(123, "123") /* Output: true */

contains(now(), "Aug") /* Output: true (if month is August) */

contains([1, 2, 1], [1, 2]) /* Output: true */

test

The test() function allows you to test whether a string contains a substring, the latter of which can be a regular expression. If it does, the function returns true.

Full reference: test

test("Monkey D. Luffy", "Luffy") /* Output: true */

/* test() is case-sensitive */
test("Monkey D. Luffy", "luffy") /* Output: false */

/* You can use brackets [] to create a set of characters, any of which will be matched */
test("Monkey D. luffy", "[Ll]uffy") /* Output: true */

/* You can also create a group with () and then use the | (OR) operator */
test("Monkey D. luffy", "(L|l)uffy") /* Output: true */

match

The match() function returns all matches of a regular expression as a list.

Full reference: match

match("Thomas 123 Frank 321", "\d+") /* Output: ["123", "321"] */

"Thomas 123 Frank 321".match("\d+") /* Output: ["123", "321"] */

replace

The replace() function searches a string for a pattern (which can be a regular expression), and replaces the first match it finds with another string.

For replace(), replaceAll(), and test(), you may also want to refer to my full guide on using regular expressions in Notion.

Full reference: replace

replace("Pogo","Po","Dog") /* Output: "Doggo" */

/* Matches the first occurrance, unless otherwise specified */
replace("Dogs Dogs Dogs", "Dogs", "Cats") /* Output: "Cats Dogs Dogs" */

/* $ tells the regex engine "start from end of line and work backwards" */
replace("Dogs Dogs Dogs", "Dogs$", "Cats") /* Output: "Dogs Dogs Cats" */

/* Matches are case-sensitive */
replace("thomas", "t", "T") /* Output: "Thomas" */

/* You can use brackets [] to create a set of characters, any of which will be matched */
replaceAll("thomas", "[Tt]homas", "Megatron") /* Output: "Megatron" */

/* You can also create a group with () and then use the | (OR) operator */
replaceAll("thomas", "(T|t)homas", "Megatron") /* Output: "Megatron" */

/* Accepts regex metacharacters, such as "\\b" which denotes "word boundary". Without \\b, this would output "Thwas is Sparta" */
replace("This is Sparta", "\\bis\\b", "was") /* Output: "This was Sparta" */

replaceAll

The replaceAll() function searches a string for a pattern (which can be a regular expression), and replaces ALL matches it finds with another string.

Full reference: replaceAll

replaceAll("Dogs Dogs Dogs", "Dogs", "Cats") /* Output: "Cats Cats Cats" */

/* Matches are case-sensitive */
replaceAll("Dogs dogs Dogs", "Dogs", "Cats") /* Output: "Cats dogs Cats" */

/* You can use brackets [] to create a set of characters, any of which will be matched */
replaceAll("Dogs dogs Dogs", "[Dd]ogs", "Cats") /* Output: "Cats Cats Cats" */

/* You can also create a group with () and then use the | (OR) operator */
replaceAll("Dogs dogs Dogs", "(D|d)ogs", "Cats") /* Output: "Cats Cats Cats" */

/* Accepts regex metacharacters, such as "\b" which denotes "word boundary". Without \b, this would output "Thwas was Sparta" */
replaceAll("This is Sparta","\bis\b","was") /* Output: "This was Sparta" */

/* replaceAll() was a great way to count elements in a string, but the introduction of lists makes this much simpler. */

/* Original replaceAll version */
length(replaceAll("Dog, Cat, Monkey, Bat, Gorilla", "[^,]" ,"")) + 1 /* Output: 5 */

/* Using a list instead */
["Dog", "Cat", "Monkey", "Bat", "Gorilla"].length() /* Output: 5 */

lower

The lower() function converts a string to lowercase.

Full reference: lower

lower("THOMAS FRANK") /* Output: "thomas frank" */

"COLLEGE INFO GEEK".lower() /* Output: "college info geek" */

upper

The upper() function converts a string to uppercase.

Full reference: upper

upper("Thomas Frank") /* Output: "THOMAS FRANK" */

"College Info Geek".upper() /* Output: "COLLEGE INFO GEEK" */

repeat

The repeat() function repeats a string a given number of times.

Full reference: repeat

"This is " + "very ".repeat(3).split(" ").join(", ") + " good."

link

The link() function creates a link from a label string and a URL.

Full reference: link

link("Thomas Frank", "https://thomasjfrank.com") /* Output: "Thomas Frank" (as a link) */

"College Info Geek".link("https://collegeinfogeek.com") 
/* Output: "College Info Geek" (as a link) */

style

The style() function adds formatting to a string. Three levels of styling can be added:

1. Text Decorations: Bold ("b"), Underline ("u"), Italics ("i"), Code ("c"), Strikethrough ("s")
2. Text Colors: "gray", "brown", "orange", "yellow", "green", "blue", "purple", "pink", "red"
3. Background Colors: "gray_background", "brown_background", "orange_background", "yellow_background", "green_background", "blue_background", "purple_background", "pink_background", "red_background"

Full reference: style

style("Thomas Frank", "b", "i", "gray", "red_background") 
/* Output: "Thomas" (with bold, italics, grey text, and a red background) */

"Notion Formulas".style("c", "u", "red") /* Output: "Notion Formulas" (with inline code, underline, and red text) */

unstyle

The unstyle() function removes formatting from a string. You are able to specify the styles to be removed, or leave them out to remove all styling.

Full reference: unstyle

unstyle("***Thomas Frank***") /* Output: "Thomas Frank" */
 
"Notion Formulas".unstyle("u") /* Output: "Notion Formulas" */

format

The format() function formats its argument as a string. It accepts all data types, including dates, booleans, numbers, lists, people, pages, and even strings.

Full reference: format

format(4) /* Output: "4" */

4.format() /* Output: "4" */

format(5 + 5) /* Output: "10" */

format(true) /* Output: "true" */

format(5 > 4) /* Output: "true" */

format(now()) /* Output: "June 20, 2022 2:23 PM" (changes with now()'s value) */

"There are " + format(10) + " Straw Hat members." 
/* Output: "There are 10 Straw Hat members." */

prop("Relation").format() /* Output: "Page 1 Name,Page 2 Name" */

New in Formulas 2.0: Numbers, booleans, dates, lists will be automatically converted to strings without needing to use format. If doing this, note that date and person objects will be shown in their rich format, grayed out with the @ at the start. Page objects will also be shown in their rich format, as inline page links with icons.

"There are " + 10 + " Straw Hat members."
/* Output: "There are 10 Straw Hat members." */

"Right now it's " + now()
/* Output: "Right now it's @September 7, 2023, 10:00 AM */

min

The min() function returns the smallest of one or more numbers. min() accepts only numbers or properties that output numbers (it will not auto-convert booleans).

Full reference: min

min(4, 1, 9, -3) /* Output: -3 */

/* Assume prop("Num") contains 3 */
[prop("Num"), 13, 5].min() /* Output: 3 */

/* Assume prop("Num") is blank (not 0) */
min(prop("Num"), 13, 5) /* Output: 5 */

/* Other data types must be converted to number. Here, the toNumber function is used to convert false to a number (0) */
min(3, 8, toNumber(false)) /* Output: 0 */

max

The max() function returns the greatest of one or more numbers. max() accepts only numbers or properties that output numbers (it will not auto-convert booleans).

Full reference: max

max(3, 5, 4) /* Output: 5 */

/* Assume prop("Num") contains 20. */
[prop("Num"), 13, 5].max() /* Output: 20 */

/* Assume prop("Num") is blank (not 0) */
max(prop("Num"), 13, 5) /* Output: 13 */

/* Other data types must be converted to number. Here, the toNumber function is used to convert true and "3" to numbers. */
max(1, toNumber(true), toNumber("3") ,9) /* Output: 9 */

sum

The sum() function adds together its arguments and returns the result. Note that this function works with regular numbers, a list of numbers, and even multiple lists of numbers.

Full reference: sum

sum(1, 2, 3) /* Output: 5 */

[4, 5, 6].sum() /* Output: 15 */

sum([7, 8], [9]) /* Output: 24 */

abs

The abs() function calculates the absolute value of a number.

Full reference: abs

abs(-42) /* Output: 42 */

42.abs() /* Output: 42 */

round

The round() function rounds its argument to the nearest integer (whole number).

Full reference: round

round(4.5) /* Output: 5 */

4.49.round() /* Output: 4 */

round(-4.49) /* Output: -4 */

round(-4.5) /* Output: -4 */

round(-4.51) /* Output: -5 */

/* Round to two decimal places */
round(4.158015 * 100) / 100 /* Output: 4.16 */

/* Round to three decimal places */
round(5145.018394 * 10000)/10000 /* Output: 5145.0184 */

ceil

The ceil() function returns the smallest integer that is greater than or equal to its argument.

Full reference: ceil

ceil(4.2) /* Output: 5 */

3.845.ceil() /* Output: 4 */

ceil(4) /* Output: 4 */

/* Calculate the donated change in a round-up donation. Assume prop("Subtotal") is $5.34 */
ceil(prop("Subtotal")) - prop("Subtotal") /* Output: $0.66 */

floor

The floor() function returns the largest integer that is less than or equal to its argument.

Full reference: floor

floor(4.2) /* Output: 4 */

3.845.floor() /* Output: 3 */

floor(4) /* Output: 4 */

sqrt

The sqrt() function returns the square root of its argument. sqrt() accepts only numbers.

Full reference: sqrt

sqrt(16) /* Output: 4 */

100.sqrt() /* Output: 10 */

sqrt(73-3^2) /* Output: 8 */

cbrt

The cbrt() function returns the cube root of its argument. cbrt() accepts only numbers.

Full reference: cbrt

cbrt(8) /* Output: 2 */

64.cbrt() /* Output: 4 */

/* Total surface area of cube with Volume 300m³ using formula 6a², where a = edge length */
6 * cbrt(300) ^ 2 /* Output: 268.88428479343 */

exp

The exp() function allows you to raise Euler’s Number e (the base of the natural logarithm) to a higher power and get the output, where the argument is the exponent of e.

Full reference: exp

exp(2) /* Output: 7.389056098931 */

5.exp() /* Output: 148.413159102577 */

e ^ 5 /* Output: 148.413159102577 */

exp(ln(5)) /* Output: 5 */

ln(exp(5)) /* Output: 5 */

ln

The ln() function returns the natural logarithm of a number.

Full reference: ln

ln(20) /* Output: 2.995732273554 */

e.ln() /* Output: 1 */

log10

The log10() function returns the base-10 logarithm of a number.

Full reference: log10

log10(1000) /* Output: 3 */

10.log10() /* Output: 1 */

log2

The log2() function returns the base-2 logarithm of a number.

Full reference: log2

log2(64) /* Output: 6 */

2.log2() /* Output: 1 */

sign

The sign() function returns the sign of its argument. It indicates whether its argument is positive, negative, or zero.

Full reference: sign

sign(-5) /* Output: -1 */

5.sign() /* Output: 1 */

sign(0) /* Output: 0 */

sign(+"-1") /* Output: -1 */

pi

The mathematical constant pi (π) equals (roughly) 3.1415926559.

Full reference: pi

pi() /* Output: 3.14159265359 */

pi() * 10 ^ 2 /* Output: 314.159265358979 */

e

The mathematical constant e is known as Euler’s Number, and approximately equals 2.718281828459045.

Full reference: e

e() /* Output: 2.718281828459 */

500 * e() ^ (0.3 * 10) /* Output: 10042.768461593832 */

toNumber

The toNumber() function converts its argument to a number if it can do so. It is useful for converting strings, booleans, and dates to numbers.

Full reference: toNumber

toNumber("42") /* Output: 42 */

"42".toNumber() /* Output: 42 */

toNumber(true) /* Output: 1 */

false.toNumber() /* Output: 0 */

toNumber(5 > 3) /* Output: 1 */

now().toNumber() /* Output: 1655757000000 (changes with now()'s value) */

now

The now() function returns the current date and time in your local timezone. now() accepts no arguments.

Full reference: now

now() /* Output: June 23, 2022 12:30 PM (at time of writing) */

minute

The minute() function returns an integer (number) between 0 and 59 that corresponds to the minute of its date argument.

Full reference: minute

minute(now()) /* Output: 25 (When current time was 11:25 AM) */

/* Assume a propety called Date with a current date of June 24, 2022 11:29 AM */
prop("Date").minute() /* Output: 29 */

hour

The hour() function returns an integer (number) between 0 and 23 that corresponds to the hour of its date argument.

Full reference: hour

hour(now()) /* Output: 11 (When current time was 11:25 AM) */

/* Assume a propety called Date with a current date of June 24, 2022 11:29 AM */
prop("Date").hour() /* Output: 11 */

day

The day() function returns an integer (number) between 0 and 6 that corresponds to the day of the week of its date argument:

• 0 = Sunday
• 1 = Monday
• 2 = Tuesday
• 3 = Wednesdy
• 4 = Thursday
• 5 = Friday
• 6 = Saturday

Full reference: day

day(now()) /* Output: 5 (when now() = June 24, 2022) */

/* Assume a propety called Date with a current date of June 1, 2022 */
prop("Date").day() /* Output: 3 */

date

The date() function returns an integer (number) between 1 and 31 that corresponds to the day of the month of its date argument.

Full reference: date

date(now()) /* Output: 24 (when now() = June 24, 2022) */

/* Assume a propety called Date with a current date of June 1, 2022 11:29 AM */
prop("Date").date() /* Output: 1 */

week

The week() function

Full reference: week

week(parseDate("2023-01-02")) /* Output: 1 */

parseDate("2023-01-02").week() /* Output: 1 */

month

The month() function returns an integer (number) between 0 and 11 that corresponds to the month of its date argument.

Full reference: month

month(now()) /* Output: 5 (when now() = June 24, 2022) */

/* Assume a property called Date with a current date of Jan 1, 2022 */
prop("Date").month() /* Output: 0 */

year

The year() function returns an integer (number) that corresponds to the year of its date argument.

Full reference: year

year(now()) /* Output: 2022 (When now() = June 24, 2022) */

/* Assume a property called Date with a current date of June 24, 2022 */
prop("Date").year() // Output: 2022

dateAdd

The dateAdd() function accepts a date argument and adds to it, returning a new date.

It requires three arguments in the following order:

1. A date (must be an actual date data type)
2. A number
3. A unit

Accepted units include:

• “years”
• “quarters”
• “months”
• “weeks”
• “days”
• “hours”
• “minutes”
• “seconds”
• “milliseconds”

Full reference: dateAdd

/* Assume a property called "Date" with a current row value of June 1, 2022 */
dateAdd(prop("Date"),3,"months") /* Output: September 1, 2022 */

prop("Date").dateAdd(5,"days") /* Output: June 6, 2022 */

dateSubtract

The dateSubtract() function accepts a date argument and subtracts from it, returning a new date.

It requires three arguments in the following order:

1. A date (must be an actual date data type)
2. A number
3. A unit

Accepted units include:

• “years”
• “quarters”
• “months”
• “weeks”
• “days”
• “hours”
• “minutes”
• “seconds”
• “milliseconds”

Full reference: dateSubtract

/* Assume a property called "Date" with a current row value of June 1, 2022 */
dateSubtract(prop("Date"),3,"months") /* Output: March 1, 2022 */

prop("Date").dateSubtract(5,"days") /* Output: May 27, 2022 */

dateBetween

The dateBetween() function returns the amount of time between two dates, based on a specified unit of time.

The function returns a number, and requires three arguments in the following order:

• Date 1 (must be a date data type)
• Date 2 (must be a date data type)
• A unit

Accepted units include:

• “years”
• “quarters”
• “months”
• “weeks”
• “days”
• “hours”
• “minutes”
• “seconds”
• “milliseconds”

Full reference: dateBetween

/* Assume now() == June 23, 2022 and Date == June 1, 2022 */
dateBetween(now(),prop("Date"),"days") /* Output: 22 */

/* Assume now() == June 23, 2022 and Date == June 30, 2022 */
now().dateBetween(prop("Date"),"days") /* Output: -6

dateRange

The dateRange() function

Full reference: dateRange

/* Assume Start Date == June 23, 2022 and End Date == June 30, 2022 */
dateRange(prop("Start Date"), prop("End Date"))
/* Output: June 23, 2022 → June 30, 2022 */

prop("Start Date").dateRange(prop("End Date"))
/* Output: June 23, 2022 → June 30, 2022 */

dateStart

The dateStart() function returns the start date from a date range. It accepts a single date argument. Note: this function was renamed from start, which no longer works.

Full reference: dateStart

/* Assume a property "Date" exists, with a row value of June 23, 2022 → June 27, 2022 */
start(prop("Date")) /* Output: June 23, 2022 */

prop("Date").start() /* Output: June 23, 2022 */

dateEnd

The dateEnd() function returns the end date from a date range. It accepts a single date argument. Note: this function was renamed from end, which no longer works.

Full reference: dateEnd

/* Assume a property "Date" exists, with a row value of June 23, 2022 → June 27, 2022 */
end(prop("Date")) /* Output: June 27, 2022 */

prop("Date").end() /* Output: June 27, 2022 */

timestamp

The timestamp() function converts a date argument into its corresponding Unix timestamp (also known as Unix Time or Epoch Time), which is a number.

Full reference: timestamp

timestamp(now()) /* Output: 1656012120000 (will change with the value of now()) */

now().timestamp() /* Output: 1656012120000 (will change with the value of now()) */

fromTimestamp

The fromTimestamp() function converts a Unix timestamp into a date.

Full reference: fromTimestamp

/* Notion will express this date in your local time zone, so it may look different if you try this formula out. */
fromTimestamp(1656012840000) /* Output: June 23, 2022 7:34 PM (UTC) */

1656012840000.fromTimestamp() /* Output: June 23, 2022 7:34 PM (UTC) */

formatDate

The formatDate() function formats a date as a string using the Moment standard time format.

Full reference: formatDate

formatDate(now(), "MMMM DD YYYY") /* Output: June 24 2022 */

now().formatDate("dddd, MMMM DD, YYYY hh:mm A zz")
/* Output: Friday, June 24, 2022 10:45 AM MDT */

formatDate(now(), "[Month of] MMMM, YYYY") /* Output: Month of June, 2022 */

View all of the available date tokens here.

parseDate

The parseDate function takes an ISO 1860-formatted string ("YYYY-MM-DDT00:00Z") and converts it into a date object.

Full reference: parseDate

parseDate("2023-08-16") /* Output: August 16, 2023 */

"2015-10-21T16:08".parseDate() /* Output: October 21, 2015 4:08 PM */

parseDate("2023") /* Output: January 1, 2023 */

parseDate("2023-02") /* Output: February 1, 2023 */

name

The name() function will return the name of a person data type.

Full reference: name

name(prop("Created By")) /* Output: "Thomas Frank" */

prop("Created By").name() /* Output: "Thomas Frank" */

email

The email() function will return the email of a person data type.

Full reference: email

email(prop("Created By")) /* Output: [email protected] */

prop("Created By").email() /* Output: [email protected] */

at

The at() function returns the value found at the specified index in a list. It is zero-indexed, so 0 will return the first item.

Full reference: at

at(["Luffy", "Zoro", "Nami", "Chopper"], 1) /* Output: "Zoro" */

[3, 2, 7, 5].at(0) /* Output: 3 */

[prop("Date"), now().dateAdd(1, "days"), now()].at(2) 
/* Output: August 16, 2023 4:19 PM */

first

The first() function returns the first element in a list.

Full reference: first

first([1, 2, 3]) /* Output: 1 */

[1, 2, 3].first() /* Output: 1 */

last

The last() function returns the last element in a list.

Full reference: last

last([1, 2, 3]) /* Output: 3 */

[1, 2, 3].last() /* Output: 3 */

slice

The slice() function allows you to “slice” up a list and output a smaller list.

Full reference: slice → for Formula 1.0 slice behaviour, use substring instead

slice(["Luffy", "Zoro", "Nami", "Chopper"], 1, 3) /* Output: ["Zoro", "Nami"] */

["Luffy", "Zoro", "Nami", "Chopper"].slice(2) /* Output: ["Nami", "Chopper"] */

concat

The concat() function concatenates (aka combines) its arguments separated by commas. It accepts one or more list arguments, and outputs a combined list of the top-level lists.

Full reference: concat → for Formula 1.0 concat behaviour, use + instead.

concat(["Roronoa"],["Zoro"]) /* Output: ["Roronoa", "Zoro"] */

[["Roronoa"],["Zoro"]].concat() /* Output: ["Roronoa", "Zoro"] */

concat(["Luffy", "Zoro", ["Nami", "Chopper"]], ["Robin"]) 
/* Output: ["Luffy", "Zoro", ["Nami", "Chopper"], "Robin"] */

sort

The sort() function

Full reference: sort

sort([3, 1, 2]) /* Output: [1, 2, 3] */

[3, 1, 2].sort() /* Output: [1, 2, 3] */

reverse

The reverse() function

Full reference: reverse

reverse(["Luffy", "Zoro", "Nami"]) /* Output: ["Nami", "Zoro", "Luffy"] */

join

The join() function takes its last argument and inserts it in between each of its additional arguments to return a string. It accepts only list arguments.

Full reference: join

join(["Luffy", "Zoro", "Nami", "Chopper"], ", ")
/* Output: "Luffy, Zoro, Nami, Chopper" */

["Luffy", "Zoro", "Nami", "Chopper"].join(", ")
/* Output: "Luffy, Zoro, Nami, Chopper" */

// Use "\\n" to add line breaks
join(["Luffy","Zoro","Nami","Chopper"],"\\n")
/* Output:
	 Luffy
	 Zoro
	 Nami
	 Chopper */

split

The split() function

Full reference: split

split("Luffy,Zoro,Nami", ",") /* Output: ["Luffy", "Zoro", "Nami"] */

"Luffy,Zoro,Nami".split(",") /* Output: ["Luffy", "Zoro", "Nami"] */

unique

The unique() function

Full reference: unique

unique([1, 1, 2]) /* Output: [1, 2] */

[1, 1, 2].unique() /* Output: [1, 2] */

includes

The includes() function tests whether the first argument contains the second argument. It only accepts a list as the first argument and a string as the second. If will only return true if the string matches a full list item.

Full reference: includes

includes(["Luffy", "Zoro", "Nami", "Chopper"], "Luf") /* Output: false */

["Luffy", "Zoro", "Nami", "Chopper"].includes("Luf") /* Output: false */

includes(["Luffy", "Zoro", "Nami", "Chopper"], "Luffy") /* Output: true */

[123, 456].includes(123) /* Output: true */

includes([123, 456], "123") /* Output: false */

[true, false, true].includes(true) /* Output: true */

includes([now(), now().dateAdd(1, "days")], now()) /* Output: true */

[[1, 2], 1].includes([1, 2]) /* Output: true */

find

The find() function returns the first element in a list for which the condition returns true.

Full reference: find

find(["a", "b", "c"], current == "b") /* Output: "b" */

["a", "b", "c"].find(current == "b") /* Output: "b" */

findIndex

The findIndex() function returns the index of the first item in a list for which the condition is true. It is zero-indexed, so will return 0 for the first item.

Full reference: findIndex

findIndex(["a", "b", "c"], current == "b") /* Output: 1 */

["a", "b", "c"].findIndex(current == "b") /* Output: 1 */

filter

The filter() function returns the values in a list for which the condition is true.

Full reference: filter

filter([1, 2, 3], current > 1) /* Output: [2, 3] */

[1, 2, 3].filter(current > 1) /* Output: [2, 3] */

some

The some() function returns true if any item in a list satisfy the given condition, and false otherwise.

Full reference: some

some([1, 2, 3], current == 2) /* Output: true */

[1, 2, 3].some(current == 2) /* Output: true */

every

The every() function returns true if every item in the list satisfies the given condition, and false otherwise.

Full reference: every

every([1, 2, 3], current > 0) /* Output: true */

[1, 2, 3].every(current > 0) /* Output: true */

map

The map() function

Full reference: map

map([1, 2, 3], current + 1) /* Output: [2, 3, 4] */

[1, 2, 3].map(current + 1) /* Output: [2, 3, 4] */

flat

The flat() function flattens multiple lists into a single list.

Full reference: flat

flat([[1, 2], [3, 4]]) /* Output: [1, 2, 3, 4] */

[[1, 2], [3, 4]].flat() /* Output: [1, 2, 3, 4] */

id

The id() function returns the current row’s page ID, which is a unique string. id() accepts no arguments.

Full reference: id

/* Page URL: <https://www.notion.so/thomasfrank/id-c5d67d15854744869cc4a062fb7b1377> */
id() /* Output: c5d67d15854744869cc4a062fb7b1377 */

prop("Relation").first().id() /* Output: c5d67d15854744869cc4a062fb7b1377 */

let

The let() function

Full reference: let

let(name, "Luffy", "Hello, " + name + "!")
/* Output: "Hello, Luffy!" */

name.let("Luffy", "Hello, " + name + "!")
/* Output: "Hello, Luffy!" */

lets

The lets() function

Full reference: lets

lets(a, "Hello,", b, "Luffy!", a + " " + b) /* Output: "Hello, Luffy!" */

a.lets("Hello,", b, "Luffy!", a + " " + b) /* Output: "Hello, Luffy!" */

Variables

current

The built-in current variable returns the value of the current item in the list function.

Reference: current

map([1, 2, 3], current + 1) /* Output: [2, 3, 4] */

[1, 2, 3].map(current + 1) /* Output: [2, 3, 4] */

index

The built-in index variable returns the index of the current item in the list function. This is zero-indexed, so starts from 0.

Reference:  index

map([1, 2, 3], current + index) /* Output: [1, 3, 5] */

[1, 2, 3].map(current + index) /* Output: [1, 3, 5] */

Formula Tips

Here a few useful tips for working more effectively with formulas:

Working with the Formula Editor

The new formula editor allows for a much nicer editing experience, with new lines, indentation, and comments now available!

• Create a new line by pressing cmd/ctrl + enter
• Add indentation by pressing tab — this can be done when the cursor is anywhere on a line
• Add comments by surrounding text with /* */, like so: /* This won't appear in the formula result */

Return Empty/Null Values in Notion Formulas

Full reference: Return Null/Empty Values in Formulas

To return an empty string:

""

To return an empty number:

toNumber("")

To return an empty date:

fromTimestamp(toNumber(""))

To return an empty list:

[]

To return an empty boolean:

1 > 2 ? true : ""

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